# Create a scalar, an array, a hash:
$s='Walt';
@a=(1,2,3);
%h=qw(red 20 green 10 blue 15);

# Create references (which are always scalars) to each of these:
$rs=\$s;
$ra=\@a;
$rh=\%h;

# Print the reference scalars to see what's 'in them':
print "The reference variables are: \n";
print "\$rs: $rs \n";
print "\$ra: $ra \n";
print "\$rh: $rh \n";

# Dereference the references (printing the scalar, the second array element, 
#   the whole array, the value of key 'red', and the whole hash):
print "$$rs \n";

print "$$ra[1] \n";
print "@$ra \n";

print "$$rh{'red'} \n";
print %$rh, "\n";